Tensions between India and Pakistan have escalated dramatically following a deadly cross-border airstrike by India on nine sites in Pakistan, reportedly killing at least 26 people. India claims the strikes targeted “terrorist infrastructure” in response to an April 22 attack in Indian Kashmir that killed 26 Hindu tourists.
Pakistan denies involvement in the attack and condemned India’s actions as an “act of war”, vowing to respond. This latest confrontation is the most serious since 2019 and includes shelling along the Line of Control and unconfirmed reports of downed Indian jets. The conflict stems from the long-standing Kashmir dispute dating back to 1947 and includes decades of armed resistance, terrorism, and retaliatory strikes. Tensions have worsened since India revoked Kashmir’s special autonomy in 2019.
Despite elevated hostilities, many analysts believe full-scale war is unlikely due to nuclear deterrence and calibrated military responses. However, the potential for miscalculation remains high. Efforts to manage the conflict are complicated by political pressures, economic crises, and external influences from the U.S. and China.
The United Nations Security Council is expected to hold closed consultations on the situation, with international actors urging both nations to exercise restraint and engage in dialogue to prevent further escalation.
